341f7cac-7c3c-4a05-9905-f73416318a78 Ceramic masonry units The data selected for LCA originate from ITB LCI questionnaires completed by Leier Polska S.A. which were verified during data audit. No data collected is older than five years and no generic datasets used are older than ten years. The representativeness, completeness, reliability, and consistency is judged as good. Specific (LCI) data quality analysis was a part of the input data verification. The allocation principles applied in this EPD are based on EN 15804+A2 and the general ITB PCR A.The declared products are ceramic masonry units manufactured by Leier Polska S.A., including Thermopor and Thermopor Plan ceramic blocks. The production of ceramic masonry units is based on a sequence of technological processes including raw material extraction and preparation, shaping, drying, firing, sorting and packaging. The ceramic products covered by this EPD are manufactured in Leier Polska S.A. production plants where ceramic construction products are produced. The plants relevant for the declared ceramic masonry units include, as applicable: • Leier Polska S.A. plant in Wola Rzedzinska, • Leier Polska S.A. plant in Markowicze, • Leier Polska S.A. plant in Sierakowice. Allocation was performed on a physical basis, using product mass as the allocation criterion. All impacts related to the extraction and processing of raw materials are allocated to module A1. The impacts related to the transport of raw materials, ancillary materials and packaging materials to the manufacturing plants are allocated to module A2. Energy and water consumption, process emissions, packaging materials, internally generated production waste and other production-related flows are allocated to module A3. Production data were collected separately for the relevant Leier Polska S.A. plants manufacturing ceramic masonry units. The calculations were performed separately for each plant. The results were then averaged using a weighted average approach based on the annual production mass of the declared ceramic masonry units. For common processes and flows that could not be directly assigned to individual product types, allocation was carried out on the basis of the mass of the respective products. No economic allocation was applied. Packaging materials were included in the calculations. 100 % of material inputs and energy consumption were inventoried and included in the calculations. The assessment considers all significant parameters from the collected production data, including raw material inputs, auxiliary materials, packaging materials, fuel and electricity consumption, direct production waste and available emission measurements. The total amount of neglected input flows per modules A1–A3 does not exceed the permitted maximum of 1% of energy use and product mass. Tyre consumption related to transport was not taken into account. It is assumed that the total contribution of omitted processes does not exceed 2% of the total environmental impact in any impact category considered. In accordance with EN 15804+A2, machines, production facilities and other capital goods required for production are excluded from the system boundary, as is employee transport. 1 2026 2031 "2026-08-18" - "2031-06-29" 2026-08-18 - - LEIER POLSKA S.A. offers its customers Thermopor and Thermopor Plan ceramic wall blocks. These are vertically perforated products intended for use in protected masonry (P units), for the construction of load-bearing and non-load-bearing walls. They are manufactured from fired porous clay ceramics at temperatures exceeding 900°C. The products are characterised by high thermal insulation performance, good acoustic insulation, frost resistance and fire resistance. The full product range can be divided into two groups: 1. Thermopor blocks are intended for masonry construction using general-purpose or thermal-insulating mortar, with horizontal joints approximately 12 mm thick. Depending on the product type, vertical joints are formed as follows: • by means of a tongue-and-groove connection without the use of a binder — products marked P+W; • by filling with mortar the pocket formed at the contact between two adjacent units placed next to each other — e.g. products marked AKU M, AKU S; • as a vertical joint approximately 12 mm thick filled with mortar — e.g. products marked AKU 220, AKU 238. 2. Thermopor Plan blocks are intended for masonry construction using thin-layer mortar and modern ground units. Walls may be constructed in two ways: using thin-layer masonry mortar of at least class M5, compliant with EN 998-2, or using polyurethane adhesive foam for masonry works. The masonry mortar or adhesive foam is applied in the horizontal joints. Vertical tongue-and-groove joints are not filled with mortar. 3. Thermopor lintel units are a non-load-bearing, channel-shaped ceramic elements used as ceramic casing (permanent formwork) in the manufacture of Leier Strong lintel beams. The diversity of the Thermopor product range makes it possible to adjust the performance characteristics of the products to the intended application and to customer requirements. The technical parameters of the blocks and lintel units are provided in the table below. Other relevant information and product-related documents are available on the website www.leier.pl. Table 1. Technical characteristics of Thermopor and Thermopor Plan ceramic blocks according to EN 771-1:2011+A1:2015 Performance characteristic Unit Value from to Dimensions Length mm 250 375 Width 80 440 Height 220 249 Dimensional tolerances Dimensional tolerance category - T1, T2, Tm Range tolerance category R1, R2, Rm Flatness of bed faces mm NPD/< 0,3 Parallelism of bed faces NPD/< 0,6 Configuration group - G2, G3 Compressive strength Category - Category I units Normalised compressive strength N/mm2 15 20 Direction of loading - Perpendicular to the bed face Moisture expansion - NPD Bond strength, fixed value N/mm2 0,15 Content of active soluble salts - S0 Reaction to fire - A1 Water absorption % NPD Tabulated water vapour diffusion coefficient - 5/10 Gross dry density kg/m3 660 1160 Density tolerance category - D1, Dm Thermal conductivity coefficient ?10,dry,unit W/mK 0,154 0,307 Freeze–thaw resistance category - F1 Dangerous substances - NPD Table 2. Technical characteristics of Thermopor lintel units according to EN 771-1:2011+A1:2015 Performance characteristic Unit Value from to Dimensions Length mm 250 300 Width 115 Height 71 Dimensional tolerances Dimensional tolerance category - Tm Range tolerance category NDP Flatness of bed faces mm NPD Parallelism of bed faces NPD Wall thickness mm ? 14 Compressive strength - NPD Moisture expansion - NPD Bond strength, fixed value - NDP Content of active soluble salts - S0 Reaction to fire - A1 Water absorption % <20 Tabulated water vapour diffusion coefficient - 5/10 Gross dry density - NDP Density tolerance category - D1 Thermal conductivity coefficient ?10,dry,unit - NDP Freeze–thaw resistance category - F1 Dangerous substances - NPD - EPD NPCR Part A: Construction products and services. Ver. 1.0. March 2021 specific dataset ecoinvent database (all versions) The life cycle analysis of the declared products covers “Product Stage” A1-A3, A4-A5, C1-C4+D modules in accordance with EN 15804 and ITB PCR A (cradle to grave with options). Energy and water consumption, emissions as well as information on generated wastes were inventoried and were included in the calculation. It can be assumed that the total sum of omitted processes does not exceed 2% of all impact categories. In accordance with EN 15804+A2, machines and facilities (capital goods) required for the production as well as transportation of employees were not included in LCA. ITB-EPD_nr_978_26_Leier_Polska-_SA_Ceramic-masonry-units.pdf Ph.D. Eng. Halina Prejzner EN 15804+A2 Fully compliant Fully compliant Fully compliant Fully compliant Fully compliant Fully compliant ISO 14025 Fully compliant Fully compliant Fully compliant Fully compliant Fully compliant Fully compliant ISO 21930 Fully compliant Fully compliant Fully compliant Fully compliant Fully compliant Fully compliant LCA.no AS 2026-10-23T14:02:13 ILCD format EPD Data Format Extensions v1.2 EPD Data Format Extensions v1.2 EPD-Datenformaterweiterungen v1.2 00.03.000 2026-10-23T10:43:25.8551329Z ITB-EPD Poland 978/2026 Leier Polska S.A. true Free of charge for all users and uses None ITB-EPD Poland Ceramic masonry units General reminder flow Output 1 1 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured Use of renewable primary energy (PERE) Fornybar primærenergi brukt som energibærer (RPEE) General reminder flow Input 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured 355.000000000000 4.520000000000 0.259000000000 0.101000000000 4.480000000000 0.084200000000 1.260000000000 -10.300000000000 MJ Use of renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials (PERM) Fornybar primærenergi brukt som energibærer (RPEE) General reminder flow Input 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 MJ Total use of renewable primary energy resource (PERT) Total bruk av fornybar primærenergi (TPE) General reminder flow Input 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured 355.000000000000 4.520000000000 0.259000000000 0.101000000000 4.480000000000 0.084200000000 1.260000000000 -10.300000000000 MJ Use of non renewable primary energy (PENRE) Ikke fornybar primærenergi brukt som energibærer (NRPE) General reminder flow Input 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured 1880.000000000000 278.000000000000 6.240000000000 16.000000000000 275.000000000000 13.400000000000 29.500000000000 -171.000000000000 MJ Use of non renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials (PENRM) Ikke fornybar primærenergi brukt som råmateriale (NRPM) General reminder flow Input 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 MJ Total use of non renewable primary energy resource (PENRT) Total nicht erneuerbare Primärenergie (PENRT) General reminder flow Input 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured 1880.000000000000 278.000000000000 6.240000000000 16.000000000000 275.000000000000 13.400000000000 29.500000000000 -171.000000000000 MJ Use of secondary material (SM) Bruk av sekundære materialer (SM) General reminder flow Input 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured 254.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 kg Use of renewable secondary fuels (RSF) Bruk av fornybart sekundære brensel (RSF) General reminder flow Input 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 MJ Use of non renewable secondary fuels (NRSF) Bruk av ikke fornybart sekundære brensel (NRSF) General reminder flow Input 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 MJ Use of net fresh water (FW) Netto bruk av ferskvann (W) General reminder flow Input 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured 0.549000000000 0.033500000000 -0.022500000000 0.001030000000 0.033300000000 0.000857000000 -0.108000000000 -0.261000000000 m3 Hazardous waste disposed (HWD) Avhendet farlig avfall (HW) General reminder flow Output 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured 3.740000000000 0.282000000000 0.013500000000 0.014300000000 0.280000000000 0.011900000000 0.033500000000 -0.586000000000 kg Non hazardous waste dispose (NHWD) Avhendet ikke-farlig avfall (NHW) General reminder flow Output 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured 25.200000000000 3.010000000000 28.200000000000 0.105000000000 2.990000000000 0.087700000000 133.000000000000 -3.350000000000 kg Radioactive waste disposed (RWD) Avhendet radioaktivt avfall (RW) General reminder flow Output 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured 0.000309000000 0.000081600000 0.000006050000 0.000001680000 0.000081000000 0.000001400000 0.000029700000 -0.000194000000 kg Components for re-use (CRU) Komponenter for gjenbruk (CR) General reminder flow Output 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 kg Materials for recycling (MFR) Materialer for resirkulering (MR) General reminder flow Output 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured 66.600000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 kg Materials for energy recovery (MER) Materialer for energigjenvinning (MER) General reminder flow Output 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured 0.072900000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 kg Exported electrical energy (EEE) Eksportert elektrisk energi(EEE) General reminder flow Output 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 0.000000000000 MJ Exported thermal energy (EET) Eksportert termisk energi (ETE) General reminder flow Output 0 0 0 0 undefined 0 Primary Measured MJ Acidification potential, Accumulated Exceedance (AP) Forsurningspotensial for kilder på land og vann (AP) 0 undefined 0 0.789000000000 0.062800000000 0.002980000000 0.011000000000 0.062300000000 0.009180000000 0.012900000000 -0.081700000000 mol H+ eqv. Global Warming Potential - total (GWP-total) Globalt oppvarmingspotensial -totalt (GWPtotal) 0 undefined 0 194.000000000000 19.600000000000 1.080000000000 1.230000000000 19.400000000000 15.500000000000 1.760000000000 -13.000000000000 kg CO2 eqv. Global Warming Potential - biogenic (GWP-biogenic) Globalt oppvarmingspotensial - biogene kilder( GWP-biogenic) 0 undefined 0 -14.500000000000 0.013400000000 0.206000000000 0.000249000000 0.013300000000 14.500000000000 0.006880000000 -0.028000000000 kg CO2 eqv. Global Warming Potential - fossil fuels (GWP-fossil) Globalt oppvarmingspotensial - fossile brensler (GWP-fossil) 0 undefined 0 208.000000000000 19.600000000000 0.876000000000 1.230000000000 19.400000000000 1.030000000000 1.760000000000 -13.000000000000 kg CO2 eqv. Global Warming Potential - land use and land use change (GWP-luluc) Globalt oppvarmingspotensial arealbruk endringer i bruk av arealer (GWP-luluc) 0 undefined 0 0.035500000000 0.006480000000 0.000180000000 0.000126000000 0.006430000000 0.000105000000 0.000851000000 -0.010200000000 kg CO2 eqv. Potential Comparative Toxic Unit for ecosystems (ETP-fw) Økotoksisitet, ferskvann (ETP-fw) 0 undefined 0 CTUe Potential incidence of disease due to PM emissions (PM) Partikkelutslipp (PM) 0 undefined 0 disease incidence Eutrophication potential - marine (EP-marine) Overgjødslingspotensial til hav (EP-marine), hav og jord 0 undefined 0 0.169000000000 0.020900000000 0.001090000000 0.005120000000 0.020700000000 0.004270000000 0.004430000000 -0.022300000000 kg N eqv. Eutrophication potential - freshwater (EP-freshwater) Overgjødslingspotensial til ferskvann (EP-freshwater) 0 undefined 0 0.006130000000 0.000144000000 0.000007660000 0.000004310000 0.000142000000 0.000003590000 0.000036400000 -0.000352000000 kg P eqv. Eutrophication potential - terrestrial (EP-terrestrial) Overgjødslingspotensial til jord (EP-terrestrial) 0 undefined 0 1.900000000000 0.230000000000 0.011600000000 0.056100000000 0.228000000000 0.046800000000 0.048400000000 -0.262000000000 mol N eqv. Potential Comparative Toxic Unit for humans - cancer effects (HTP-c) Toksisitet påvirkning på mennesker, kreft (HTP-c) 0 undefined 0 CTUh Potential Comparative Toxic Unit for humans - non-cancer effects (HTP-nc) Toksisitet påvirkning på mennesker, andre effekter enn kreft (HTP-nc) 0 undefined 0 CTUh Potential Human exposure efficiency relative to U235 (IRP) Ioniserende stråling, helseeffekt (IRP) 0 undefined 0 kBq U235 eqv. Potential Soil quality index (SQP) Påvirkninger knyttet til arealbruksendringer / jordkvalitet (SQP) 0 undefined 0 unitless Depletion potential of the stratospheric ozone layer (ODP) Potensial for nedbryting av stratosfærisk ozon (ODP) 0 undefined 0 0.000006000000 0.000000426000 0.000000008420 0.000000018300 0.000000423000 0.000000015200 0.000000039700 -0.000000138000 kg CFC 11 eqv. Photochemical Ozone Creation Potential (POCP) Potensial for fotokjemisk oksidantdanning (POCP) 0 undefined 0 0.646000000000 0.095300000000 0.003880000000 0.016800000000 0.094500000000 0.014000000000 0.016100000000 -0.080000000000 kg NMVOC eqv. Abiotic depletion potential - fossil resources (ADPF) Abiotisk utarmingspotensial for fossile ressurser, fosile brensler (ADP-fossil) 0 undefined 0 1880.000000000000 278.000000000000 6.240000000000 16.000000000000 275.000000000000 13.400000000000 29.500000000000 -171.000000000000 MJ Abiotic depletion potential - non-fossil resources (ADPE) Abiotisk utarmingspotensial for ikke-fossile ressurser, mineraler (ADP-elements) 0 undefined 0 0.000416000000 0.000067500000 0.000001140000 0.000000453000 0.000067000000 0.000000378000 0.000005340000 -0.000066800000 kg Sb-eqv. Water (user) deprivation potential (WDP) Utarmingspotensial for vannressurser (WDP) 0 undefined 0 22.500000000000 1.450000000000 0.158000000000 0.041400000000 1.440000000000 0.034500000000 0.613000000000 -11.300000000000 m3 world eqv. Global warming potential except emissions and uptake of biogenic carbon (GWP-IOBC/GHG) Globalt oppvarmingspotensial beregnet etter prinsippet om umiddelbar oksidasjon (GWP-IOBC) 0 undefined 0 208.500000000000 19.586600000000 0.874000000000 1.229751000000 19.386700000000 1.000000000000 1.753120000000 -12.972000000000 kg CO2 eqv.